Autophagy and AMPK

High insulin suppresses AMPK, while low insulin permits AMPK activity. Elevated insulin activates mTOR, and active mTOR suppresses autophagy. Autophagy is described as cellular maintenance and recycling of damaged or dysfunctional componen…

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High insulin suppresses AMPK, while low insulin permits AMPK activity. Elevated insulin activates mTOR, and active mTOR suppresses autophagy. Autophagy is described as cellular maintenance and recycling of damaged or dysfunctional components. AMPK functions as a cellular fuel gauge that activates adaptation when energy stores are low. Low insulin is presented as required for cellular maintenance systems to run at higher capacity.