Border Biosecurity

Non-island jurisdictions need deliberately designed systems to create border-control capacity comparable to geographic advantages held by islands. Border biosecurity capacity includes preventing or delaying pathogen entry, strong border management, and sustaining exclusion or elimination strategies. The study interprets island geography as a proxy for border biosecurity capacity. COVID-19 exposed limitations in how preparedness scores captured response when geography and border control were decisive. Future GHS Index revisions should better capture border biosecurity and exclusion or elimination capacity.