Clinical Decision-Making

Decision-making difficulty was linked to knowledge gaps, low self-efficacy, fear of mistakes, and insufficient support. Fear of harming patients can cause students to avoid practice. Inadequacy in clinical decision-making was the most prominent challenge identified in the study. Many patients felt the decision was formally theirs but not a meaningful choice because they were very unwell or in severe pain. Clinicians relied on informal consultation with senior colleagues across specialties to decide whether to offer PCN or RUS. Clinicians offered intervention mainly to enable further cancer treatment, relieve severe pain, or prevent or manage life-threatening sepsis. Clinicians said patients with capacity should make the decision about treatment. The appropriate clinical question for taping is not whether it works universally but whether it helps this specific person accomplish a specific goal. A clinician or coach should test the relevant movement, symptom, range of motion, or performance marker before and after applying tape. Clinicians generally counselled against PCN or RUS when there was no definite aim such as further cancer treatment, quality-of-life improvement, or longer l…