Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Evidence-based psychological therapies, particularly CBT, are effective for depression in cancer patients, but timely access is a major challenge. A trial of sleep restriction therapy delivered by nurses in primary care demonstrated significant reductions in work absence and impaired work performance alongside improved sleep quality and quality of life. Awareness may be a strong tool for less severe patients. Exposure-based CBT is presented as the current gold-standard treatment for youth anxiety-related disorders, OCD, and PTSD. Cognitive behavioral therapy outperforms sleep medication in treating sleep problems. Remote delivery of psychological therapy improves accessibility and reduces costs but may disadvantage participants with limited digital literacy or internet access. Addressing cognitive and emotional responses to sleep disruption can be more effective than attempting to force sleep through medication. CBT-I has been shown to be cost-effective compared with pharmacotherapy or no treatment in the general population and in outpatients with comorbid depression and schizophrenia. Group CBT-I generally produces somewhat poorer outcomes for sleep-onset insomnia than individual…