Delivery Modes

One study compared web-based and print-mailed delivery, and another compared online-independent, face-to-face-supported, and online-supported delivery. Studies directly comparing delivery modes found broadly comparable outcomes between online and face-to-face interventions. The included interventions used face-to-face, remote, and hybrid delivery modes. Some interventions were one-on-one, some were group-based, and some used both formats. The review cautions that middle-aged adults may have lower acceptance of digital interventions because of lower digital literacy.