Dementia Biomarkers

Biomarkers can help move dementia diagnosis from clinical syndromes toward biologically defined disease categories. Imaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are considered gold-standard tools, but they are invasive, expensive, and less available outside specialized settings. Blood-based biomarkers may be cheaper, minimally invasive, and more scalable than imaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, but they require further validation. Part of ODIN has already contributed to diagnostic cut-offs for cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid 1-42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau 181. Alzheimer's disease pathology is defined by amyloid-beta accumulation and hyperphosphorylated tau. ODIN aims to evaluate biomarker associations with clinical and neuroimaging data and compare blood-based with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.