Endogenous GLP-1 Enhancement
Psyllium husk, when fermented in the gut, produces short-chain fatty acids that stimulate GLP-1 secretion. Quercetin increases the number of GLP-1-secreting L cells in the intestinal lining and also acts as a DPP-4 inhibitor, prolonging GL…
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Psyllium husk, when fermented in the gut, produces short-chain fatty acids that stimulate GLP-1 secretion. Quercetin increases the number of GLP-1-secreting L cells in the intestinal lining and also acts as a DPP-4 inhibitor, prolonging GLP-1 activity. Akkermansia muciniphila secretes a newly identified protein called P9 that directly stimulates GLP-1 production and secretion. A comprehensive literature review suggests berberine-induced GLP-1 prevents mitochondrial damage, reduces adipose tissue fat, and lowers oxidative stress. Among ginseng's bioactive ginsenosides, the Rg3 ginsenoside demonstrates the strongest GLP-1 secretion effect.