Endothelial Damage

Endothelial glycocalyx support and nitric oxide support are framed as complementary rather than duplicative interventions. Conventional cardiovascular medicine focuses on downstream markers like blood pressure and cholesterol while leaving the upstream initiating event unaddressed. The article presents Arteriosil as having more study support than the newer nitric oxide product, whose outcome evidence is less developed. Nitric oxide governs vasodilation and vasoconstriction, regulates blood pressure, and protects the vessel wall. Mitochondrial and vascular oxidative stress impair nitric oxide production and increase peroxynitrite byproducts. The endothelial glycocalyx is described as a blood-vessel lining involved in permeability regulation and vascular resilience. The endothelial glycocalyx functions as the primary repair mechanism of the endothelial wall. Progressive degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx is described as a core feature of vascular aging. Endothelial damage — injury to the single cell layer lining every artery — is the upstream initiating event in cardiovascular disease. Arterial plaque is a repair response to inflammation rather than the disease itself; treati…