Environmental Hotspots

Hospital infrastructure, operating theatre energy use, and non-disposable utensils generally contributed comparatively little. The three dominant carbon contributors were disposable utensils, implants, and sterilisation of non-disposable utensils. Across non-carbon midpoint categories, disposables, implants, and sterilisation usually dominated. Environmental improvement efforts for THR should focus on disposable utensils, implants, and sterilisation. Sustainability efforts should maintain patient safety and treatment quality while targeting disposables, implant production and recycling, and energy-intensive sterilisation.