Ethnic Subgroups

CLICS was associated with a statistically significant 4.0 percentage point reduction in unplanned hospital admissions among Pakistani heritage patients. For unplanned A&E attendances, the effect was statistically significant only in the white British group. The subgroup analysis focused on white British and Pakistani heritage patients, the two largest ethnic groups in the population. The ethnic subgroup analysis included 340 CLICS patients in the white British group and 565 CLICS patients in the Pakistani heritage group. The admission effect among white British patients was not statistically significant. The stronger admissions effect among Pakistani heritage patients may reflect differences in age, gender, chronic illness patterns, or mechanisms requiring further study.