Evidence Appraisal and Synthesis
Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochran’s Q statistic and the I² index. Methodological quality will be assessed using AMSTAR. AMSTAR scores of 8 to 11 are high quality, 4 to 7 are moderate quality and below 4 are low quality. Publicat…
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Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochran’s Q statistic and the I² index. Methodological quality will be assessed using AMSTAR. AMSTAR scores of 8 to 11 are high quality, 4 to 7 are moderate quality and below 4 are low quality. Publication bias and small-study effects will be assessed using funnel plot symmetry and Egger’s regression test. The overall strength and quality of evidence will be evaluated using GRADE following Cochrane recommendations. Quantitative analysis will be performed in STATA version 17, and pooled effect estimates will be presented with 95% confidence intervals.