Immune Response

Ozone gas is described as a potent antimicrobial agent against multiple classes of microbes. A robust early interferon response is associated with fewer infected endothelial cells and less severe later leakage. Ozone therapy is presented as potentially useful for chronic infections because it may improve immune reactivity. Suppression of innate interferon responses helps hantavirus persist before clinical collapse. Direct ozone gas exposure can kill microbes locally. Ozone-derived lipid peroxides are presented as immune modulators rather than strong antimicrobials by themselves. Early symptoms can resemble a nonspecific viral illness while endothelial infection is increasing. Potential antiviral or interferon-focused interventions would need to occur early, before the late capillary leak phase. Chronic infections such as Lyme disease, hepatitis, and severe viral infections are discussed as contexts where ozone may be useful when standard antimicrobial treatment is insufficient.