Implementation Complexity

DCT efficiency gains may not yet be fully realized because industry remains in a transitional learning phase. DCT models should be tailored to study characteristics, phase, therapeutic area, intervention, objectives, patient profiles, and regulatory conditions. Effective DCT implementation depends on training, infrastructure, regulatory readiness, sponsor experience, investigator oversight, and communication quality. Decentralised methods may add logistical, technological, regulatory, and data-management complexity that offsets time savings. Continuous data collection and remote technology can either increase participant burden or reduce retention depending on implementation.