International Physical Activity Questionnaire

The IPAQ-SF achieves high sensitivity for detecting failure to meet the WHO 150 min/week MVPA recommendation, at 93.8%. A pilot study was required for sample-size planning because no prior studies had used the IPAQ-SF in TAVR populations. Prior validations of the cIPAQ-SF omitted sitting time from their analyses and none used activPAL as the comparator. Energy expenditure in the IPAQ-SF is calculated as MET-minutes per week by multiplying MET level by minutes per day and days per week. MVPA in the IPAQ-SF is calculated as MPA minutes plus twice VPA minutes to account for intensity weighting, consistent with the WHO recommendation of ≥150 min/week. Physical activity was measured using the validated Chinese version of the IPAQ-SF, which records walking, moderate-intensity activity, vigorous-intensity activity, and sitting time over the previous 7 days. The cIPAQ-SF is a seven-item questionnaire that asks about engagement in at least 10 minutes of moderate, vigorous, or walking activity during the past seven days. Self-reported physical activity measurement using the IPAQ-SF may introduce recall error or bias as a study limitation. Participants reported lower MPA, VPA, and MVPA on th…