Intraventricular Haemorrhage

The pathogenesis of IVH is multifactorial, involving fragile germinal matrix vasculature, impaired cerebral autoregulation, and coagulation disturbances, all of which complicate prevention and management. IVH is one of the most serious morbidities in preterm infants, carrying particular risk for those born extremely preterm or with very low birth weight. IVH survivors face substantial long-term neurological sequelae including cerebral palsy, cognitive deficits, and epilepsy. IVH research spans aetiology, preventive strategies such as antenatal corticosteroids, acute interventions such as neuroprotective agents, and long-term outcomes.