Long-Term Survival

Kaplan-Meier curves will be produced for each trial with median overall survival and confidence intervals. Cox proportional hazards models will be fitted with covariate adjustment and checked using Schoenfeld residuals and graphical diagnostics. Statistical cure models will estimate the cure fraction and characterise survival among uncured patients. BLISS will use routinely collected mortality data to assess long-term overall survival across multiple myeloma clinical trials. Long-term overall survival will be estimated using national mortality data to extend follow-up beyond trial-collected data.