Menstrual Fluid Biomarkers

Focus groups indicate women prefer menstrual cup sample collection over blood draws. Menstrual fluid is presented as an underused biological sample with diagnostic value. Researchers are investigating menstrual fluid markers for PCOS, endo…

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Focus groups indicate women prefer menstrual cup sample collection over blood draws. Menstrual fluid is presented as an underused biological sample with diagnostic value. Researchers are investigating menstrual fluid markers for PCOS, endometriosis, HPV, and heavy menstrual bleeding. Menstrual fluid biomarker research may help clarify how hormonal cycling influences the perimenopause trajectory.