Multimorbidity

Multimorbidity affected 69% of the hospitalised cohort by hospital-coded diagnoses and 94% by the pharmaceutical comorbidity index. The analysis retained 46 chronic conditions grouped into 16 categories. Heart failure and chronic kidney disease had the highest co-occurrence with multimorbidity among the studied conditions, each at 96%. Multimorbidity patients were significantly older, with a mean age of 71.1 years versus 65.6 years in the oligomorbidity group. Multimorbidity patients had substantially elevated stroke and bleeding risk scores, with mean CHA2DS2-VASc of 4.6 versus 2.8 and HAS-BLED of 2.0 versus 1.4 compared to oligomorbidity patients. The multimorbidity prevalence in this hospitalised cohort was substantially higher than prior community-dwelling and inpatient estimates. Multimorbidity is defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions in one person. MLTCs are defined as the presence of two or more long-term conditions in one person. The study defined multimorbidity as two or more chronic conditions in one person, excluding chronic hepatitis B itself. Adults with multimorbidity are often under-represented in clinical trials despite being frequently presc…