Neighbourhood Deprivation

Increasing neighbourhood green space from 0% to 50% decreased the likelihood of mostly/persistent CMD by 20.8 percentage points. Non-deprived green areas were protective against persistent CMD trajectory membership. The article defines underserved neighbourhoods as areas with socioeconomic disadvantage, health disadvantages, safety issues and limited attractive safe green spaces. Homicide rates were not significantly associated with CMD trajectories by overall odds or prevalence ratios, but marginal effects showed meaningful probability changes at specific levels. Neighbourhood homicide rates were used as a proxy for community safety. Green-area deprivation was defined by whether neighbourhood green space fell below or above the median value. Living in green-area-deprived neighbourhoods increased maternal CMD prevalence risk. B-Challenged targets underserved neighbourhoods because health behaviours and overweight are socially patterned. Children in underserved neighbourhoods tend to play outside less than peers in more affluent areas because of barriers in access, activities and parental safety concerns.