Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine release in the brain contributes to elevated brain energy. Norepinephrine is described as having a favourable haemodynamic profile compared with phenylephrine. Norepinephrine may additionally benefit neonatal acid-base balance compared to phenylephrine. Norepinephrine is described as functionally analogous to adrenaline while operating in the brain. Institutions in the study are stratified by their percentage of norepinephrine use. In a pilot study, the norepinephrine group showed a mean postoperative decrease in blood glucose, while the phenylephrine group showed a mean increase. Fixed-rate norepinephrine infusion is as effective as phenylephrine in maintaining perioperative circulatory stability during caesarean section. Norepinephrine was historically avoided for intraoperative hypotension but is more common in critical care. The locus coeruleus releases norepinephrine in response to adrenaline-triggered signaling relays. Norepinephrine combines alpha and beta-1 adrenergic effects, giving it both vasopressor and inotropic activity. Elevated norepinephrine suppresses systemic insulin clearance. Sustained norepinephrine elevation significantly prolongs glucose-stim…