Normoxemia

A previous autonomous titration trial observed a 32 percentage point improvement (95% CI 26–37) in normoxemia proportion. Based on prior SAVE-O2 trials, the expected proportion of time in normoxemia under usual care is 60%. All patients in both groups share a target SpO₂ of 93% with an acceptable range of 90–96%. Observation time for the primary outcome is censored at discharge, escalation to high-flow or mechanical ventilation, sustained room-air breathing for 12 hours, or death. The primary outcome is the proportion of patient-time spent in the normoxemia range (SpO₂ 90–96%) during the first 72 hours after randomization.