Ontario Health Administrative Data

OHIP billing data was more comprehensive than hospital-only data because many hand trauma cases are managed outside inpatient admissions. OHIP contains physician billing claims for outpatient, specialist, and procedural encounters and has been available from 1991. NACRS covers hospital-based and community ambulatory care, including emergency department visits and day surgeries, and has been available from 2002. CIHI-DAD contains hospital admission records with ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnoses and has been available from 1988. Ontario's universal single-payer health insurance system provides linked administrative databases covering physician billing, hospitalisation, and emergency department visits.