Patients

Living at home before admission and lower frailty were positive predictors of survey completion. Survey completion was more likely among older patients, Swiss residents, people with supplementary insurance, and patients with cardiovascular or neurological diagnoses. Patients believed cost visibility could help them understand how much society invests in their care, reduce requests for unnecessary treatments, and motivate healthier behaviour. Females accounted for more than 80% of total mental health admission costs by 2021/2022. Children and young people aged 11–15 accounted for more than half of total costs by 2021/2022. Being female was weakly but consistently negatively associated with antibiotic awareness and knowledge outcomes. The definite DRPU group had significantly lower mean body weight and BMI than the comparison groups. The definite DRPU group had a lower average number of diagnoses despite higher medication burden. The negative association for women was counterintuitive because women in rural Bangladesh are typically primary caregivers. There were no significant age or sex differences across DRPU classification groups. Per-admission costs did not differ significantly…