Perioperative Risk Factors

Composite inadequate emergence had eight independent predictors across four perioperative domains. Advanced age of at least 75 years was independently associated with composite inadequate emergence. Preoperative anxiety was independently associated with composite inadequate emergence. Non-ketofol induction was independently associated with composite inadequate emergence. Prolonged preoperative fasting exceeding 6 hours was independently associated with composite inadequate emergence. Absence of abdominal field block had the highest single predictor adjusted odds ratio for inadequate emergence. The study found no significant associations between inadequate emergence and comorbid surgical conditions, residual neuromuscular blockade, or smoking.