Pharmacist-Partnered Tapering

The intervention lasts about 3 months before surgery, with dose reductions continuing where possible until surgery. The pharmacist uses shared decision-making to create an individualised biopsychosocial pain management plan and opioid weaning plan. The intervention's behaviour change framework targets capability, opportunity and motivation. Before tapering starts, the pharmacist contacts the participant's GP to explain the intervention and address concerns. All intervention participants receive an evidence-based NPS MedicineWise opioid tapering plan to guide tapering rates. The intervention adds pharmacist-partnered opioid tapering by telehealth to standard care.