Pharmacogenomics

Nearly every participant had at least one actionable pharmacogenomic phenotype. The pharmacogenomic analysis identified altered-function alleles across 23 pharmacogenes. Antidepressants are described as providing short-term protective effects against suicidal ideation. Ketamine and esketamine are described as having growing evidence for rapid reduction of suicidal ideation. More than 95% of pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic studies have been conducted in European and Asian populations, while African populations represent only about 1% to 2% of available data. Further work is needed before population-specific pharmacogenomic variants can be implemented in clinical guidelines. There is substantial individual variation in detoxification capacity due to the over 2,000 possible mutations in the CYP450 gene. Pharmacogenomics is the study of how individual genetic makeup affects drug response. Combining NAT2 slow acetylator status with CYP2E1 fast metaboliser genotypes may increase toxic metabolite accumulation and raise the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury. NAT2 genetic variants influence isoniazid clearance. Whole genome sequencing of a subset of 20 to 30 participan…