PhD Training

For Dr. Joffe, the PhD credential opened doors in a field where MDs and PhDs received stage invitations first. Dr. Joffe's PhD took unusually long because she worked full-time, had children, married, and moved countries during it. Her laboratory work during the PhD was intensive and manual. The article presents PhD work as isolating and poorly compensated unless driven by deep love of the topic. The article argues that PhD researchers form an underacknowledged foundation for fields such as functional medicine.