Physical Health and Functional Effects

Mauro et al. found no significant change in physical toxicities or physical functioning through 12 months after treatment. Stakeholders felt questionnaire data did not fully capture the complexity of pain. Chaballout et al. found that bowel effects were a major concern and often worse than expected. Studies reported pain, nausea, fatigue, bowel problems, and treatment-related toxicities after anal cancer treatment. People living with HIV expressed concern about the effects of treatment, especially radiation, on immune function.