Predictors of Overtreatment

Blood glucose test strip use likely reflected higher-intensity glucose monitoring. Chronic hypoglycaemia, retinopathy and endocrinology involvement highlighted the challenge of balancing disease management and safety in complex cases. Polypharmacy may indicate greater clinical complexity and higher adverse-event risk in older adults. Potential intervention targets included frequent monitoring, polypharmacy, longer diabetes duration, prior hypoglycaemia, retinopathy and endocrinology involvement.