Refined Grains

Excessive refined flour product consumption is a major cause of vitamin B2 deficiency. Consuming refined grains depletes the body's vitamin E reserves. Refined grain consumption contributes to heart disease through two distinct pathways: oxidative arterial damage and vitamin E depletion. Refined grains cause rapid blood glucose spikes that oxidatively damage the arterial endothelium, initiating atherosclerosis. Regular consumption of bread, pasta, cereal, crackers, biscuits, and waffles interferes with vitamin B2 status. Refined grain consumption must be reduced alongside supplementation for B2 deficiency to resolve.