Renal Mechanisms
PPAR-gamma is expressed in the renal cortex and medulla and participates in metabolic processes. Under hyperglycaemia, impaired SGLT-mediated glucose transport in the proximal convoluted tubule can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition…
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PPAR-gamma is expressed in the renal cortex and medulla and participates in metabolic processes. Under hyperglycaemia, impaired SGLT-mediated glucose transport in the proximal convoluted tubule can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis. Animal evidence suggests lobeglitazone can suppress extracellular matrix production by inhibiting TGF-beta/Smad3 signalling. Lobeglitazone downregulated fibrosis-related genes in animal evidence. PPAR-gamma agonists have been reported to reverse high-glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition through PI3K/Akt, GSK beta, Snail 1, and beta-catenin pathways.