Review Limitations

The scoping review will not assess methodological quality or formally evaluate strength of evidence. The authors do not expect to synthesise causal evidence linking specific teaching formats to student attitudes. The protocol identifies adherence to JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR as a methodological strength. Grey literature is excluded to ensure peer review of included instruments and data. The protocol's broad inclusion of peer-reviewed and grey literature is presented as a strength. The protocol plans to mitigate limitations through meta-regression and sensitivity analyses. The protocol had no patient or public involvement because it used only secondary data. The review design and dissemination planning did not include patient or public involvement. The review will not assess quality or risk of bias in included evidence. Restricting the review to English full-text studies may introduce language and publication bias. The protocol identifies English-language restriction as a potential source of language bias. Restricting full texts to English may introduce language bias and underrepresent LMIC evidence in other languages. The exclusion of grey literature is a limitation because u…