Risk Stratification

The final score will be used as the sole predictor in a logistic regression model to estimate CRT response probability. Patients will be divided into three risk groups using tertiles of Youden's J statistic for rapid bedside assessment. Applying real numbers to the four risk-stratification questions removes emotion from medical decision-making. In applying the risk framework to the COVID vaccine, Dr. Ashton's primary concern was long-term sequelae such as cognitive impairment and myocarditis rather than death from COVID. Dr. Ashton's foundational medical decision-making tool is a four-question risk stratification framework applicable to any medical decision, covering the risk and benefit of both taking and not taking an action. Dr. Ashton applied the risk stratification framework explicitly to her own COVID vaccine decision, weighing anaphylaxis risk against COVID risk. A clinical reference table will show predicted non-response rates across total score ranges.