Simulation-Based Training in Medical Education

Cost analyses and monetary return-on-investment evaluations for simulation curricula are reported to be rare. Prior simulation literature shows benefits in confidence, knowledge, and skills, but many studies demonstrate effectiveness only at lower Kirkpatrick levels. The extent and frequency of simulation use for less protocolised clinical situations remains unclear. Simulation-based training has a long history in medical education and is used across many specialties. Simulation-based training can reinforce classroom-based medical knowledge, teach technical skills, and train physicians in complex tasks such as managing acutely decompensating patients. Simulation-based training is frequently used for high-stress clinical situations such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation and trauma.