Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation
In retinitis pigmentosa studies, TES effects on visual field and electroretinogram parameters were generally reversible after stopping stimulation. Existing clinical evidence for TES in glaucoma is limited by small samples, mixed patient g…
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In retinitis pigmentosa studies, TES effects on visual field and electroretinogram parameters were generally reversible after stopping stimulation. Existing clinical evidence for TES in glaucoma is limited by small samples, mixed patient groups, and inconsistent stimulation protocols. TES clinical evidence comes mainly from the OkuStim System, which has been marketed for retinitis pigmentosa since 2011. Transcorneal electrical stimulation delivers weak biphasic current pulses through a corneal thread electrode. TES is proposed to activate protective signalling pathways, including release of endogenous neuroprotective substances and modulation of inflammatory pathways. TES is intended as a neuroprotective adjunct to standard intraocular pressure-lowering treatment, not a replacement.