Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury

Contemporary ventilation strategies may remain insufficiently protective because alveolar overdistension and inappropriate PEEP are still common. The CAVIARDS trial targets three modifiable contributors to ventilation harm: PEEP appropriateness, maximal inspiratory distending pressure, and respiratory drive during assisted spontaneous breathing. VILI can result from excessive stress and strain, alveolar overdistension, repeated airway or alveolar opening and closure, and adverse haemodynamic effects. Ventilation can worsen lung injury if settings do not match lung physiology.