Zero-Calorie Beverages and Sweeteners

Water, apple cider vinegar, herbal tea, green tea, black tea, and coffee are categorized as zero-calorie, zero-carb items. Stevia and monk fruit extract are effectively zero calories and zero carbs, but sweet taste may provoke a cephalic-phase insulin response in some people. Sugar-based fillers in stevia packets can add actual sugar, especially when many packets are used in a day. Caffeine contains no calories but may raise glucose and stimulate insulin in sensitive individuals through a stress response. Sugar alcohol fillers contribute minimal net carbs but can cause gut issues in susceptible individuals. The article recommends measuring fasting glucose before and after coffee for people concerned about their personal response.